Totem poles were carved by native peoples of the Northwest Pacific coast of North America. The totem pole often indicated the kinship of a group in the tribe. They are often carved from trees. It may often include the history of a tribe or a message to shame another tribe, as well
Some of the carvings of the polynesian people, specifically their tikis, remind me of totem poles. The Mayan steles are very similar to totems, as well. There are also similar types of carving poles in Chinese and other Asian cultures.
Sources:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Totem_pole
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huabiao
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tiananmen_huabiao.jpg (creative commons licensed)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stele
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